Country Profile: Netherlands

Tax to GDP ratio: 38.07

Financial Transactions Tax (FTT): No tax in place

There are no stamp duties in the Netherlands.

Source: PWC

Aviation: No information available

  • Aviation tax on domestic and international flights: €7.85
  • VAT on domestic aviation: 21%

Beneficiary of aviation tax: Not specified

Source: European Commission: CE Delft and Directorate-General for Mobility and Transport, Taxes in the field of aviation and their impact – Final report, Publications Office, 2019

Carbon Price: Yes – Carbon pricing instrument in place

National carbon tax:

  • Since: 2021
  • Coverage: 45% of emissions
  • Price: €66.50 (US$71.48)
  • Revenue: Not available
  • Sectors covered: Electricity and heat, Industry, Mining and extractives, Waste
  • Offsetting: Not permitted

Regional ETS:

  • Since: 2005
  • Coverage: 38% of emissions
  • Price: €57.03 (US$61.30)
  • Revenue: €43,558 million (US$47,369 million)
  • Sectors covered: Electricity and heat, Industry, Mining and extractives, Aviation
  • Offsetting: Not permitted

Source: World Bank

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