Call to Proposals Submissions
The Call for Proposals received interest from a range of stakeholders, including some that appear ready to quickly implement operational solutions, thus demonstrating the rapid impact of solidarity levies and that it is possible to make coordinated progress as a “coalition of the willing”. Out of the 15 submissions received, 11 were made with permission to publish on the GSLTF website.
African Development Bank
The Adaptation Benefits Mechanism (ABM), developed and hosted by the African Development Bank (the Bank), is designed to enable GHG emitters to contribute towards the costs of adaptation to climate change and the SDGs. Recorded under Article 6.8 of the Paris Agreement, ABM is well-developed and ready to scale-up to enhance and redistribute revenues from solidarity levies. ABM offers two financing modalities: The ex-post modality generates Certified Adaptation Benefits (CABs) from already implemented grant-funded adaptation projects. Revenues from the sale of CABs will regenerate the grant for replication of the original project. The ex-ante modality mobilizes capital markets to invest in adaptation projects through future commitments to purchase CABs at a price that makes the project bankable.
Oxford Climate Policy
This Note was put together in response to the call for proposals for Mechanisms for Enhancing and Redistributing Revenues from Solidarity Levies by the Secretariat for the Global Solidarity Levies Taskforce (GSLTF). The proposal is that members of the GSLTF Coalition could partake in the Climate Solidarity Alliance (CSA) to provide support for climate change related activities in developing countries, in particular building resilience (adaptation) and responding to Loss and Damage (L&D) due to adverse climate impacts.
Cambridge University
Themis is a proposal for an international mechanism to reduce global greenhouse gas emissions in a fair and effective way. Themis is built on four foundations:
• Our atmosphere is a shared resource, a commons. Fossil fuel users reap the full benefit from fuel consumption, while the CO2 induced climate cost is spread globally. This dilution effect makes continued use rational for individuals but collectively disastrous. To prevent this, we must cooperate to guarantee positive climate results.
• The root cause of climate change is the failure to account for the true cost of emissions. By treating the atmosphere as a free resource, we encourage overexploitation. Themis corrects this unpriced externality by pricing greenhouse gas emissions.
• Urgency is paramount. Societal change takes time, but the incentivising mechanisms must work on a faster timescale: this year’s emissions, not some time in the future.
• Effective cooperation requires a fair guiding principle. Themis upholds equity: that our atmospheric resources should be shared equally between all humans.
Equal Right
The Global Solidarity Levies Task Force (‘Task Force’) is charged with mobilising finance through internationally coordinated levies on high-impact sectors such as fossil fuels, aviation, and financial transactions. Despite extensive development of potential levy mechanisms, challenges persist around incentive alignment, sustainable revenue generation, and equitable distribution. Equal Right’s proposed ‘Global Commons Fund’ (‘the Fund’), first detailed in their report ‘Climate Justice Without Borders’, offers a robust mechanism that directly addresses these challenges by acting as an effective collection and investment vehicle for the Task Force’s levies.
CIF
The Climate Investment Funds (CIF) provide a catalytic multilateral response to the climate crisis. CIF brings six major multilateral development bank (MDBs) together as a system and drives them to offset the investment risks for clean technology and climate solutions in emerging markets and developing economies (EMDEs). With $12.5B pledged, CIF is one of the largest active climate finance mechanisms globally. CIF’s 362 approved projects span 82 countries, including 26 Least Developed Countries (LDCs) and 15 Small Island Developing States (SIDS).
The Global Fund
Official Development Assistance (ODA) has been a fundamental source of development finance, particularly for low- and middle-income countries. Over the past two decades, this has significantly advanced global health. Amid ongoing reductions in ODA, solidarity levies can represent new and potentially large sources of development aid financing, serving as an additional tool to traditional donor aid models. Solidarity levies are innovative and complementary tools that offer a way to mobilize domestic and international resources and release pressure on already constrained domestic budgets.
Abdul-Latif Jameel Poverty Action Lab
Per capita carbon consumption is vastly lower in Low and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) than in the OECD, and yet the burden of climate change falls squarely on these countries, where most of the world’s poorest live. In this report, we propose a bold new vision for climate finance for developing countries and reducing global greenhouse gas (GHGs) emissions, which puts the idea of compensation for these damages at the core, and links it to the need to take climate action everywhere. The starting point of the proposal is a transparent method to assess present and future damages of OECD CO2e emissions on LMICs, based on the predicted impact of climate change on mortality. We then propose a “grand bargain” wherein developing countries who agree to introduce carbon pricing mechanisms would be eligible to receive damage compensation commensurate with these costs. The bulk of the funds would be distributed directly to citizens and communities as cash transfers, according to simple, parametric rules. We discuss avenues to raise funds for these transfers, using international solidarity levies, notably on richest people and corporations.
Global Climate Finance Forum
The Global Climate Finance Forum (GCFF) is a multi-stakeholder platform focused on accelerating climate finance for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) across the Global South. GCFF brings together over 40 investors, entrepreneurs, thought leaders, and policymakers to co-develop strategies that localize capital, de-risk investment, and dismantle systemic barriers preventing scalable finance for climate solutions. The inaugural Forum, held in April 2025 in Montego Bay, Jamaica, showcased the impact of climate SMEs through viable, scalable models—from solar distribution in Africa to agroforestry hubs in Brazil—while underscoring the persistent challenges they face: high costs of capital, policy bottlenecks, and limited visibility in global finance flows. The Forum catalyzed over 20 concrete commitments and has since established a Secretariat to drive implementation and advocate for SME-aligned reforms heading into COP30 and beyond.
Global Redistribution Advocates
Even if revenues are disbursed by an agency on a project-by-project basis, their allocation between recipient countries should respect a pre-agreed allocation key. This would ensure fairness, trust, predictability, and allow countries to assess their interest in joining the coalition). The revenues should be allocated in priority to the poorest countries. A good indicator of poverty is the poverty gap: it expresses the minimum amount that would be required to lift everyone above the poverty line. However, allocating revenues in function of the poverty gap would disincentivize countries’ governments to effectively address poverty. To avoid bad incentives, it is preferable to allocate the revenues in function of a well-measured indicator correlated to the poverty gap. We propose an allocation key based on GDP per capita, according to how it predicts the poverty gap predicted in a linear regression.
New Economics Foundation
Climate-related disasters are escalating in frequency and intensity, disproportionately affecting countries in the Global South that have contributed the least to global emissions. Meanwhile, aid from the Global North to support relief is inadequate, highly intermediated and based on principles of charity not solidarity. The Global Solidarity Levies Task Force (GSLTF) can transform the international humanitarian system by allocating some revenues from global solidarity levies to a pooled, pre-positioned fund that would enable rapid, equitable, and accountable disbursement of emergency aid directly to emergency coordination mechanisms in climate-vulnerable nations. Even if small and limited to a few countries at first, such a Humanitarian Aid Accelerator reducing (working title) would show what a new solidarity-based and more efficient humanitarian system could look like.
Under2Coalition
As members of the Under2 Coalition, subnational governments – meaning states, regions, devolved administrations, provinces – welcome the opportunity to contribute to this consultation. We believe that achieving climate and development goals demands financing mechanisms that are globally coordinated yet locally responsive. With 44% of carbon pricing instruments operating at the state and regional level, it is essential that subnationals are recognised as central actors in the new financial architecture that we are collectively building
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